Results for 'Jason L. Hills'

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  1.  90
    Pragmatism and Phenomenology.Jason L. Hills - 2013 - American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 87 (2):311-320.
    Scott Aikin recently claimed that pragmatism and phenomenology are incompatible. Pragmatic naturalism is incompatible with phenomenology’s anti-naturalism. Therefore, pragmatists trying to appropriate insights from phenomenology encounter a dilemma: either reject naturalism and thereby pragmatism, or reject anti-naturalism and thereby phenomenology. I will argue that Aikin’s dilemma is unmerited, especially in the case of John Dewey, because he has misidentified its horns. Given his definition of pragmatic naturalism, the classical pragmatists are neither naturalists nor pragmatists. His discussion of “phenomenology” misconstrues phenomenological (...)
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  2. Field and Experience Influences on Ethical Decision Making in the Sciences.Ethan P. Waples, Jason H. Hill, Alison L. Antes, Lynn D. Devenport, Stephen T. Murphy, Shane Connelly, Michael D. Mumford & Ryan P. Brown - 2009 - Ethics and Behavior 19 (4):263-289.
    Differences across fields and experience levels are frequently considered in discussions of ethical decision making and ethical behavior. In the present study, doctoral students in the health, biological, and social sciences completed measures of ethical decision making. The effects of field and level of experience with respect to ethical decision making, metacognitive reasoning strategies, social-behavioral responses, and exposure to unethical events were examined. Social and biological scientists performed better than health scientists with respect to ethical decision making. Furthermore, the ethical (...)
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  3. A sensemaking approach to ethics training for scientists: Preliminary evidence of training effectiveness.Michael D. Mumford, Shane Connelly, Ryan P. Brown, Stephen T. Murphy, Jason H. Hill, Alison L. Antes, Ethan P. Waples & Lynn D. Devenport - 2008 - Ethics and Behavior 18 (4):315 – 339.
    In recent years, we have seen a new concern with ethics training for research and development professionals. Although ethics training has become more common, the effectiveness of the training being provided is open to question. In the present effort, a new ethics training course was developed that stresses the importance of the strategies people apply to make sense of ethical problems. The effectiveness of this training was assessed in a sample of 59 doctoral students working in the biological and social (...)
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  4.  86
    Articles: Validation of ethical decision making measures: Evidence for a new set of measures.Michael D. Mumford, Lynn D. Devenport, Ryan P. Brown, Shane Connelly, Stephen T. Murphy, Jason H. Hill & Alison L. Antes - 2006 - Ethics and Behavior 16 (4):319 – 345.
    Ethical decision making measures are widely applied as the principal dependent variable used in studies of research integrity. However, evidence bearing on the internal and external validity of these measures is not available. In this study, ethical decision making measures were administered to 102 graduate students in the biological, health, and social sciences, along with measures examining exposure to ethical breaches and the severity of punishments recommended. The ethical decision making measure was found to be related to exposure to ethical (...)
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  5. Environmental influences on ethical decision making: Climate and environmental predictors of research integrity.Michael D. Mumford, Stephen T. Murphy, Shane Connelly, Jason H. Hill, Alison L. Antes, Ryan P. Brown & Lynn D. Devenport - 2007 - Ethics and Behavior 17 (4):337 – 366.
    It is commonly held that early career experiences influence ethical behavior. One way early career experiences might operate is to influence the decisions people make when presented with problems that raise ethical concerns. To test this proposition, 102 first-year doctoral students were asked to complete a series of measures examining ethical decision making along with a series of measures examining environmental experiences and climate perceptions. Factoring of the environmental measure yielded five dimensions: professional leadership, poor coping, lack of rewards, limited (...)
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  6.  12
    Baudrillard and postmodernism.Jason L. Powell (ed.) - 2012 - Hauppauge, N.Y.: Nova Science Publishers.
    Introduction -- Is the truth stranger than fiction? -- The emergence and analysis of the postmodern -- Baudrillard and his works on social theory -- An assessment of postmodernism and Baudrillard -- Conclusion.
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  7.  15
    Habermas. Editor, Jason L. Powell.Jason L. Powell (ed.) - 2012 - Nova Science Publishers.
    Biography of Habermas -- Critical theory -- Habermas and his works -- An assessment of the impact of Habermas -- Conclusion.
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  8. On the Unimportance of Theistic Belief.Jason L. Megill & Daniel Linford - 2017 - Essays in the Philosophy of Humanism 25 (2):187-207.
    We first argue that there are cases of “blameless non-belief.” That is, some people—through no fault of their own—fail to enter into a conscious relationship with God. But if so, then it would be unjust of God to make certain particular goods depend upon one having a conscious relationship with God. So, given that God is just, then despite what some theists believe, a relationship with God cannot be a necessary condition for the attainment of these goods; there might, e.g., (...)
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  9.  7
    How to use a multicriteria comparison procedure to improve modeling competitions: A comment on Erev et al. (2017).Jason L. Harman, Michael Yu, Emmanouil Konstantinidis & Cleotilde Gonzalez - 2021 - Psychological Review 128 (5):995-1005.
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  10. A modest modal ontological argument.Jason L. Megill & Joshua M. Mitchell - 2009 - Ratio 22 (3):338-349.
    We formulate a new modal ontological argument; specifically, we show that there is a possible world in which an entity that has at least the property of omnipotence exists. Then we argue that if such an entity is possible, it is necessary as well.
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  11.  21
    Mapping Everyday: Gender, Blackness, and Discourse in Urban Contexts.L. Hill Taylor & Robert J. Helfenbein - 2009 - Educational Studies: A Jrnl of the American Educ. Studies Assoc 45 (3):319-329.
    This article argues that by using theories of the spatial to understand how situated materiality (i.e., place) and contestations of identity matter when conceiving global and curricular space, educators may interrupt and rearticulate practices and systems of oppression. By focusing on globalization writ large, there is danger of leaving important concerns of the local unattended, and thereby failing to see how processes of globalization exacerbate problematic and oft-hidden curricular issues. Such diversions typify the most insidious quality of the current form (...)
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  12.  9
    Real‐World Evidence, Public Participation, and the FDA.Jason L. Schwartz - 2017 - Hastings Center Report 47 (6):7-8.
    For observers of pharmaceutical regulation and the Food and Drug Administration, these are uncertain times. Events in late 2016 raised concerns that the FDA's evidentiary standards were being weakened, compromising the agency's ability to adequately perform its regulatory and public health responsibilities. Two developments most directly contributed to these fears—the approval of eteplirsen, a treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, against the recommendations of both FDA staff and an advisory committee and the December 2016 signing of the 21st Century Cures Act, (...)
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  13.  4
    Basic Processes in Dynamic Decision Making: How Experimental Findings About Risk, Uncertainty, and Emotion Can Contribute to Police Decision Making.Jason L. Harman, Don Zhang & Steven G. Greening - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  14.  44
    Historical Empathy and Pedagogical Reasoning.Jason L. Endacott & John Sturtz - 2015 - Journal of Social Studies Research 39 (1):1-16.
    The process of engaging in historical empathy holds the potential for significant curricular and dispositional benefits for students in history classrooms. In order to realize these benefits, classroom teachers must be able to integrate historical empathy into their existing planning and teaching; a process that would benefit from empirical examination. This single subject case study examined the pedagogical reasoning process of an experienced classroom teacher who integrated historical empathy into an existing instructional unit designed to foster student knowledge of social (...)
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  15.  73
    On the Unimportance of Theistic Belief.Jason L. Megill & Daniel Linford - 2017 - Essays in the Philosophy of Humanism 25 (2):187-207.
    We first argue that there are cases of “blameless non-belief.” That is, some people—through no fault of their own—fail to enter into a conscious relationship with God. But if so, then it would be unjust of God to make certain particular goods depend upon one having a conscious relationship with God. So, given that God is just, then despite what some theists believe, a relationship with God cannot be a necessary condition for the attainment of these goods; there might, e.g., (...)
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  16. On Some Properties of Humanly Known and Humanly Knowable Mathematics.Jason L. Megill, Tim Melvin & Alex Beal - 2014 - Axiomathes 24 (1):81-88.
    We argue that the set of humanly known mathematical truths (at any given moment in human history) is finite and so recursive. But if so, then given various fundamental results in mathematical logic and the theory of computation (such as Craig’s in J Symb Log 18(1): 30–32(1953) theorem), the set of humanly known mathematical truths is axiomatizable. Furthermore, given Godel’s (Monash Math Phys 38: 173–198, 1931) First Incompleteness Theorem, then (at any given moment in human history) humanly known mathematics must (...)
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  17.  4
    “From the Heart”: Sex, Money, and the Making of a Gay Community in Senegal.Jason L. Ferguson - 2017 - Gender and Society 31 (2):245-265.
    What are the non-monetary dimensions of selling sex? This article offers a cultural approach to the question of sexual labors, drawing on field observations and interviews in a community of gay men in Dakar, Senegal. Removing the notion of sexual labors from the stigmatized zone of “survival sex,” I explore the affective, extramonetary dimensions of sexual labors. The men in this study labor not simply to make money. Instead, I argue that against a highly gendered cultural backdrop, one where male (...)
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  18. Locke's mysterianism: On the unsolvability of the mind-body problem.Jason L. Megill - 2005 - Locke Studies 5:119-147.
  19. What role do the emotions play in cognition? Towards a new alternative to cognitive theories of emotion.Jason L. Megill - 2003 - Consciousness and Emotion 4 (1):81-100.
    This paper has two aims: (1) to point the way towards a novel alternative to cognitive theories of emotion, and (2) to delineate a number of different functions that the emotions play in cognition, functions that become visible from outside the framework of cognitive theories. First, I hold that the Higher Order Representational (HOR) theories of consciousness — as generally formulated — are inadequate insofar as they fail to account for selective attention. After posing this dilemma, I resolve it in (...)
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  20.  17
    A Broader Bioethics: Topic Selection and the Impact of National Bioethics Commissions.Jason L. Schwartz - 2017 - Hastings Center Report 47 (S1):17-19.
    Comparative assessments of national bioethics commissions in the United States commonly look at the differences among these groups over their forty‐year history. A particular focus has been differences in the membership, mission, methods, and reports of the President's Council on Bioethics, which was active from 2001 until 2009, compared to those of its predecessors and the recent Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues, active from 2009 until 2016. The differences are real, but disproportionate attention to them can obscure (...)
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  21.  70
    Evidence and Ethics in Mandatory Vaccination Policies.Jason L. Schwartz - 2013 - American Journal of Bioethics 13 (9):46-48.
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  22. Are we paraconsistent? On the Lucas-Penrose argument and the computational theory of mind.Jason L. Megill - 2004 - Auslegung 27 (1):23-30.
  23.  17
    Cultural theory and its spaces for invention and innovation.Jason L. Mast - 2013 - Mind and Society 12 (1):23-33.
    This article approaches the topics of invention and innovation by way of cultural theory. Building on the works of Ferdinand de Saussure and John Austin, the article offers definitions of invention and innovation in semiotic and performative terms. It conceptualizes invention as a process of resignification, and frames innovation as a felicitous performative. Structuralist theory appears to foreclose the potential for these two terms to exist in the empirical world. This article explores these barriers but also locates conceptual spaces for (...)
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  24.  58
    9. Prisoner Oppression and Free World Privilege.Jason L. Mallory - 2007 - Radical Philosophy Today 2007:177-206.
    The position I defend in this paper is that both prisoners and ex-prisoners, at least within present U.S. society, experience a form of oppression that can be distinguished from that inflicted upon other structurally disadvantaged groups. As a result of these U.S. conditions, I also argue that those who have not been or are not currently incarcerated may possess some unearned advantages, similar to but also different from other forms of privilege, such as those based upon race, class, gender, sexuality, (...)
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  25.  9
    Are we paraconsistent? on the luca-penrose argument and the computational theory of mind.Jason L. Megill - 2004 - Auslegung 27 (1):23-30.
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  26.  4
    From historical social theory to Foucault.Jason L. Powell - 2013 - New York: Novinka.
    Introduction -- Social theory and enlightenment project -- Contemporary social theory -- Foucault -- Postmodernism -- References.
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  27.  9
    Foucault: Issues and Legacy.Jason L. Powell (ed.) - 2012 - New York: Nova Science Publishers.
    Introduction : why Foucault? -- Foucault and impact on applied social science -- The Foucauldian relevance of governmentality and power to helping professions -- Foucault's legacy: Judith Butler, performance and social work -- Conclusion.
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  28.  6
    Feminist social theory.Jason L. Powell (ed.) - 2014 - Hauppauge, New York: Nova Science Publishers.
    Introduction -- The development of feminist social theory -- Gender and class -- The aging body and gender -- Conclusion.
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  29.  8
    Reconstructing postmodernism: critical debates.Jason L. Powell & Tim Owen (eds.) - 2007 - New York: Nova Science Publishers.
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  30.  8
    Social philosophy, age and aging.Jason L. Powell (ed.) - 2011 - Hauppauge, New York: Nova Science Publishers.
    What is social philosophy and age? -- The development of social philosophies of age and aging -- Foucault, age and social philosophy -- Time to recognise personhood and social philosophy : the case of age identity? -- References -- Index.
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  31. Understanding aging bodies : a postmodern dialogue on bio-medicine, body and cultural representations of identity.Jason L. Powell & Azrini Wahidin - 2007 - In Jason L. Powell & Tim Owen (eds.), Reconstructing postmodernism: critical debates. New York: Nova Science Publishers.
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  32. Understanding Foucault: for beginners.Jason L. Powell - 2013 - New York: Novinka.
    Introduction -- Methods for thinking -- The making of the modern subject -- Implications -- Example 1 of a Foucauldian approach : aging and prisons -- Example 2 of a Foucualdian approach : social work -- Summary.
     
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  33.  68
    Does cleanliness influence moral judgments? Response effort moderates the effect of cleanliness priming on moral judgments.Jason L. Huang - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
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  34.  21
    The foundations of innovation in modern societies: the displacement of concepts and knowledgeability.Marian Adolf, Jason L. Mast & Nico Stehr - 2013 - Mind and Society 12 (1):11-22.
    Our paper offers a contribution to the growing literature on the sociology of innovation rather than the still dominant economic theory of innovation. We suggest that innovation first and foremost represents a process of cognitive displacement whereby existing metaphorical frameworks are reconstituted to account for new phenomena in a process that changes both the metaphor’s and the new phenomenon’s compositions. We suggest that integral to this process is knowledgeability, or a bundle of social and cognitive competencies that emerge as one (...)
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  35.  10
    Biotelemetry recording of the electrical activity of the hippocampus and amygdala during sexual behavior in the cat.Thomas L. Bennett, Paula L. Hill & Jonathan French - 1982 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 20 (1):57-60.
  36.  47
    Good fences make for good neighbors but bad science: a review of what improves Bayesian reasoning and why. [REVIEW]Gary L. Brase & W. Trey Hill - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6:133410.
    Bayesian reasoning, defined here as the updating of a posterior probability following new information, has historically been problematic for humans. Classic psychology experiments have tested human Bayesian reasoning through the use of word problems and have evaluated each participant’s performance against the normatively correct answer provided by Bayes’ theorem. The standard finding is of generally poor performance. Over the past two decades, though, progress has been made on how to improve Bayesian reasoning. Most notably, research has demonstrated that the use (...)
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  37.  32
    Metacognitive awareness of event-based prospective memory☆.J. Thadeus Meeks, Jason L. Hicks & Richard L. Marsh - 2007 - Consciousness and Cognition 16 (4):997-1004.
    This study examined people’s ability to predict and postdict their performance on an event-based prospective memory task. Using nonfocal cues, one group of participants predicted their success at finding animal words and a different group predicted their ability to find words with a particular syllable in it. The authors also administered a self-report questionnaire on everyday prospective and retrospective memory failures. Based on the different strategies adopted by the two groups and correlations among the dependent variables, the authors concluded that (...)
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  38. Cosmological Argument: A Pragmatic Defense.Evan Sandsmark & Jason L. Megill - 2010 - European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 2 (1):127 - 142.
    We formulate a sort of "generic" cosmological argument, i.e., a cosmological argument that shares premises (e.g., "contingent, concretely existing entities have a cause") with numerous versions of the argument. We then defend each of the premises by offering pragmatic arguments for them. We show that an endorsement of each premise will lead to an increase in expected utility; so in the absence of strong evidence that the premises are false, it is rational to endorse them. Therefore, it is rational to (...)
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  39.  19
    Urban Adolescents’ Physical Activity Experience, Physical Activity Levels, and Use of Screen-Based Media during Leisure Time: A Structural Model.Hui Xie, Jason L. Scott & Linda L. Caldwell - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 8.
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  40.  18
    The Missions of National Commissions: Mapping the Forms and Functions of Bioethics Advisory Bodies.Harald Schmidt & Jason L. Schwartz - 2016 - Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 26 (4):431-456.
    Ethics advisory groups, in various forms, have existed for at least 50 years in the United States and other countries. In science and biomedicine, four principal types of committees can be distinguished: policy-making and/or advisory committees, health professional association committees, health care ethics committees, and research ethics committees. Overall, these bodies have been of use to governments, policy makers, health care professionals, and the public in considering ‘what is ethical’ and ‘what is unethical’ in areas such as research involving humans (...)
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  41.  47
    Light‐ness of Being in the Primary Classroom: Inviting conversations of depth across educational communities.Darlene L. Witte‐Townsend & Anne E. Hill - 2006 - Educational Philosophy and Theory 38 (3):373–389.
    When young children first come to school they bring with them a depth of being; the authors suggest that the educational community should respond to children with a pedagogy that is capable of nurturing this depth. The authors of this paper are teachers of many years’ experience. Their own work in classrooms has shown them that, paradoxically, depth in pedagogy is most surely to be found when teachers follow the light in the eyes of children. The authors draw upon a (...)
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  42.  5
    Mizzou Today.Richard L. Wallace & Rob Hill - 2007 - University of Missouri.
    "The University of Missouri's rich record of accomplishment and service to Missouri, the nation, and the world is captured in this collection of photographs of campus landmarks, people, events, and Tiger spirit. Includes a history of the campus and timeli.
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  43. Cross-cultural adjustment to the United States: the role of contextualized extraversion change.Mengqiao Liu & Jason L. Huang - 2015 - Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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  44.  13
    Adolescents’ Developing Sensitivity to Orthographic and Semantic Cues During Visual Search for Words.Nicolas Vibert, Jason L. G. Braasch, Daniel Darles, Anna Potocki, Christine Ros, Nematollah Jaafari & Jean-François Rouet - 2019 - Frontiers in Psychology 10.
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  45.  22
    Identification of posthypnotic signals and responses.F. L. Marcuse, A. Hill & M. Keegan - 1945 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 35 (2):163.
  46.  10
    Higher judgements of learning for emotional words: processing fluency or memory beliefs?Benton H. Pierce, Jason L. McCain, Amanda R. Stevens & David J. Frank - 2023 - Cognition and Emotion 37 (4):714-730.
    Previous research has shown that emotionally-valenced words are given higher judgements of learning (JOLs) than are neutral words. The current study examined potential explanations for this emotional salience effect on JOLs. Experiment 1 replicated the basic emotionality/JOL effect. In Experiments 2A and 2B, we used pre-study JOLs and assessed memory beliefs qualitatively, finding that, on average, participants believed that positive and negative words were more memorable than neutral words. Experiment 3 utilised a lexical decision task, resulting in lower reaction times (...)
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  47. Modernity and postmodernity.Nico Stehr & Jason L. Mast - 2014 - In Samir Dasgupta (ed.), Postmodernism in a global perspective. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications India Pvt.
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  48.  20
    Historical Inquiry and the Limitations of the Common Core State Standards.Ginney P. Wright & Jason L. Endacott - 2016 - Journal of Social Studies Research 40 (4):309-324.
    Students’ written argumentation, including historical argumentation, is an important aspect of standardized assessments under the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). This mixed methods study explores the differences in students’ written argumentation when inquiry methods of instruction are employed and a rubric designed for CCSS standardized assessment is used in evaluation. Results indicate that inquiry methods do not necessarily improve students’ argumentative writing when scored on CCSS criteria, though qualitative analysis reveals considerable differences in the demonstration of historical thinking by students (...)
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  49.  19
    Returning Individual Research Results from Digital Phenotyping in Psychiatry.Francis X. Shen, Matthew L. Baum, Nicole Martinez-Martin, Adam S. Miner, Melissa Abraham, Catherine A. Brownstein, Nathan Cortez, Barbara J. Evans, Laura T. Germine, David C. Glahn, Christine Grady, Ingrid A. Holm, Elisa A. Hurley, Sara Kimble, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz, Kimberlyn Leary, Mason Marks, Patrick J. Monette, Jukka-Pekka Onnela, P. Pearl O’Rourke, Scott L. Rauch, Carmel Shachar, Srijan Sen, Ipsit Vahia, Jason L. Vassy, Justin T. Baker, Barbara E. Bierer & Benjamin C. Silverman - 2024 - American Journal of Bioethics 24 (2):69-90.
    Psychiatry is rapidly adopting digital phenotyping and artificial intelligence/machine learning tools to study mental illness based on tracking participants’ locations, online activity, phone and text message usage, heart rate, sleep, physical activity, and more. Existing ethical frameworks for return of individual research results (IRRs) are inadequate to guide researchers for when, if, and how to return this unprecedented number of potentially sensitive results about each participant’s real-world behavior. To address this gap, we convened an interdisciplinary expert working group, supported by (...)
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  50.  14
    The impact of contextual priors and anxiety on performance effectiveness and processing efficiency in anticipation.David P. Broadbent, N. Viktor Gredin, Jason L. Rye, A. Mark Williams & Daniel T. Bishop - 2018 - Cognition and Emotion 33 (3):589-596.
    ABSTRACTIt is proposed that experts are able to integrate prior contextual knowledge with emergent visual information to make complex predictive judgments about the world around them, often under heightened levels of uncertainty and extreme time constraints. However, limited knowledge exists about the impact of anxiety on the use of such contextual priors when forming our decisions. We provide a novel insight into the combined impact of contextual priors and anxiety on anticipation in soccer. Altogether, 12 expert soccer players were required (...)
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